The long arm of PCI Express

Optical is being added as a second physical medium to the PCI Express (PCIe) data transfer protocol.

PCI Express is an electrical standard, but now the Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group (PCI-SIG) has created a working group to standardise PCIe’s delivery optically.

PCI-SIG is already developing copper cabling specifications for the PCI Express 5.0 and 6.0 standards.

Source: PCI-SIG

Since each generation of PCIe doubles the data transfer rate, PCI-SIG member companies want copper cabling to help with the design of high-speed PCIe interconnects on a printed circuit board (PCB), between PCBs, and between racks (see diagram).

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II-VI’s VCSEL approach for co-packaged optics

Co-packaged optics was a central theme at this year’s OFC show, held in San Diego. But the solutions detailed were primarily using single-mode lasers and fibre.

Vipul Bhatt

The firm II-VI is beating a co-packaged optics path using vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and multi-mode fibre while also pursuing single-mode, silicon photonics-based co-packaged optics.   

For multi-mode, VCSEL-based co-packaging, II-VI is working with IBM, a collaboration that started as part of a U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) project to promote energy-saving technologies.

II-VI claims there are significant system benefits using VCSEL-based co-packaged optics. The benefits include lower power, cost and latency when compared with pluggable optics.

The two key design decisions that achieved power savings are the elimination of the retimer chip - also known as a direct-drive or linear interface - and the use of VCSELs.

The approach - what II-VI calls shortwave co-packaged optics - integrates the VCSELs, chip and optics in the same package.

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Vodafone's effort to get silicon for telco

This as an exciting time for semiconductors, says Santiago Tenorio, which is why his company, Vodafone, wants to exploit this period to benefit the radio access network (RAN), the most costly part of the wireless network for telecom operators.

The telecom operators want greater choice when buying RAN equipment.

Santiago Tenorio

As Tenorio, a Vodafone Fellow (the company’s first) and its network architecture director, notes, there were more than ten wireless RAN equipment vendors 15 years ago. Now, in some parts of the world, the choice is down to two.

“We were looking for more choice and that is how [the] Open RAN [initiative] started,” says Tenorio. “We are making a lot of progress on that and creating new options.”

But having more equipment suppliers is not all: the choice of silicon inside the equipment is also limited.

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