400-gigabit coherent modules finally hit their stride

NeoPhotonics discusses 400-gigabit coherent modules, the move to 130-gigabaud symbol-rate optical components and a company tunable laser milestone.

NeoPhotonics’ 400ZR pluggable optical modules are now available and will ship in volume from the autumn.

“The QSFP-DD and OSFP 400ZR [optical modules] have passed qualification tests and we are engaged in numerous customer qualifications around the world,” says Ferris Lipscomb, vice president of marketing at NeoPhotonics.

Ferris Lipscomb

400ZR modules implement the OIF’s 400-gigabit standard to connect directly equipment in data centres up to 120km apart without needing separate dedicated dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) optical transport equipment. The first 400ZR modules will be used by data centre operators.

But coherent pluggables support longer-reach modes. These may be interoperable if implementing the OpenZR+ multi-source agreement (MSA) or when delivering custom optical performance that are referred to as ZR+ modules.

NeoPhotonics has reported that its 400-gigabit coherent QSFP-DD when operated as a ZR+ module can achieve an 800km reach.

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BT takes a deep dive into hollow-core fibre

BT has been experimenting with hollow-core fibre to understand how it could benefit its network. The results are promising.

Professor Andrew Lord“We are looking at all the use cases and it is a bit early to say which one is the killer one but they are all interesting,” says Professor Andrew Lord, BT’s head of optical network research.

“There are so many parameters [of hollow-core fibre] and all seem to be slightly or vastly better than single-mode fibre,” says Neil Parkin, optical networks research manager at BT.

The service provider is working with hollow-core fibre start-up, Lumenisity, and 5G software networking specialist, Mavenir.

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Lumentum talks switching & signalling developments

In detailing some of its recent product announcements and the associated optical networking trends, Lumentum provides useful pointers to watch out for at the upcoming OFC virtual conference and exhibition event in June.

Brandon Collings

Lumentum detailed recently its high-bandwidth coherent driver modulator (HB-CDM) that operates at a symbol rate up to 96 gigabaud (GBd).

"Lumentum is working with a decent number of network equipment makers (NEMs) on their high-performance coherent offerings using the HB-CDM component," says Brandon Collings, CTO of Lumentum.

The 96GBd device supports modulation formats from dual polarisation quadrature phase-shift keying (DP-QPSK) to 64-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (DP-64QAM) and when used with an appropriate coherent digital signal processor (DSP), the device supports up to 800-gigabit wavelengths.

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Sustainability for telecoms is a journey without end

ADVA has set itself ambitious carbon emission reduction targets. The policy serves its long-term business interests, it says, as doing nothing will be very costly.

ADVA became, in 2019, only the fourth company in Germany to achieve approval for its emissions target to limit global warming to 2oC above pre-industrial temperatures.

Klaus GrobeLast year ADVA adopted more stringent emissions targets to limit global warming to 1.5oC, with the Science-Based Targets initiative (SBTi) organisation approving its programme.

Trimming half a degree centigrade may sound minor but the resulting targets become far more challenging, says Klaus Grobe, director, sustainability at ADVA.

“Since there are massive non-linear physical processes in the background, that leads to massively more aggressive reduction targets,” he says.

If ADVA’s 2019 targets required a 20 per cent reduction in emissions from its car fleet and electricity needs, now they are to be reduced to a third by 2032.

“It’s a huge step,” says Grobe.

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The growing role of biosensors

Part 2: Professor Laura Lechuga, biosensor pioneer 

Professor Lechuga, a leading biosensor researcher, explains the challenges involved in developing medical biosensors and why, due to covid, the technology's time has come.  

Professor LechugaLaura Lechuga is a multideciplinarian. She read chemistry at university, did a doctorate in physics while her postdoctoral research was in electrical engineering. She has even worked in a cleanroom, making chips.

Group leader at the NanoBiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group at the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Lechuga thus has an ideal background for biosensor research.

Biosensors are used for health, environmental, food control, veterinary and agriculture applications. They are used to test for chemical substances and comprise a biological element and an optical sensor.

Her initial focus was environmental biosensors but she quickly switched to medical devices, partly because of the great interest healthcare generates.

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Access 4.0: A valuable lesson in network transformation

The Access 4.0 broadband deployment by Deutsche Telekom has deepened its understanding of the intricacies of network transformation. The Access 4.0 team discusses what it has learnt and reflects on the issues a mass deployment raises.

Deutsche Telekom’s Access 4.0 platform has been delivering broadband services for nearly half a year.

But the operator has deliberately limited the deployment of the next-generation fibre-to-the-x platform to one central office in Stuttgart.

Robert SoukupThe system is fully functional, says Robert Soukup, senior program manager at Deutsche Telekom, but the operator wants to understand the processes involved so they can be automated before it starts the widescale deployment.

“Now we can see where the gaps are and what we need to adapt internally,” says Hans-Jörg Kolbe, chief engineer and head of SuperSquad Access 4.0 at Deutsche Telekom.

This will take the rest of the year. Only if this final check is successful will the Access 4.0 platform be rolled out across the operator’s 1,000 central offices in Germany.

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Broadcom discusses its co-packaged optics plans

If electrical interfaces are becoming an impediment, is co-packaged optics the answer? Broadcom certainly thinks so.

One reason for the growing interest in co-packaged optics is the input-output (I/O) demands of switch chips. If the packet processing capacity of such chips is doubling every two years, their I/O must double too.

Alexis BjörlinRepeatedly doubling the data throughput of a switch chip is a challenge.

Each new generation of switch chip must either double the number of serialiser-deserialiser (serdes) circuits or double their speed.

A higher serdes count - the latest 25.6-terabit switch ICs have 256, 100 gigabit-per-second serdes - requires more silicon area while both approaches - a higher count and higher speed - increase the chip's power consumption.

Faster electrical interfaces also complicate the system design since moving the data between the chip and the optical modules on the switch's front panel becomes more challenging.

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